This paper, in french, gives a new approach to the concept of Maximally EvenSets based on discrete Fourier transform, with several elementary butinteresting and previously unpublished results. Maximally Even Sets have beeninvented by musicologists but have been found to bear deep relationships toother areas of science, such as the Ising model in Physics. They describeeconomically and characterise many famous 'scales' or subsets of the cyclicgroup as modelised here.
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